Here you will find easy to understand brief notes on every chapter of class 12th Economics.
आपका स्वागत है । आप सही जगह पर आयें हैं । अर्थशास्त्र विषय के हिंदी माध्यम के विद्यार्थियों की जरूरतों को ध्यान में रखते हुए यहां हम आपके लिए 1991 से भारत में आर्थिक सुधार (economic reforms in India since 1991) पर नोट्स प्रस्तुत कर रहे हैं। यहां प्रस्तुत नोट्स संक्षिप्त हैं। हालांकि, वे अध्याय […]
Economic Reforms in India since 1991 – Free notes in Hindi Read More »
Hello Students, welcome to your learning space. In this post, we are providing you some basic concepts of economics regarding classification of goods. Classification of goods is very important topic in Macroeconomics for class 12. There is a good chance that questions will come from this topic in the upcoming final CBSE exams to be
Classification of Goods in Economics Class 12 – Latest Notes Read More »
Here we present to you Notes on Economic Reforms in India since 1991. The economic reforms process of 1991 had Liberralisation, Privatisation and Globalisation as three pillars. Notes presented here are concise, however, they cover every aspect of the chapter. These Notes are in four parts. First part consists of brief notes while the second
Though, India attained self-sufficiency in food production, it remained an agriculture economy as 65% population was still engaged in agriculture 1990. Industrial and service sectors could not absorb the extra workforce engaged in agriculture.
Industrial base become diversified and also attained high growth rate of 6%. It provided new investment and employment opportunities, especially for SSI. However, policy of import substitution and reservation of production badly affected the quality of the goods produced. Growth of private sector was hindered by license policy and reservation of industries for public sector.
India GDP growth was merely around 4%, often termed as Hindu Growth Rate (Coined by Raj Krishna). Share of Industrial Sector in GDP increased from 11.8% to 24.6%.
India failed to promote export oriented industries, resulting in foreign exchange crisis in 1990. The crisis forced India to adopt a more comprehensive Economic Policy in 1991 which focused on Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization.
स्वतंत्रता की पूर्व संध्या पर भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था के नोट्स 12 वीं कक्षा के अर्थशास्त्र के छात्रों के लिए अच्छी तरह से तैयार किए गए नोट्स हैं। ये नोट्स संक्षिप्त हैं, हालांकि, अध्याय के हर पहलू पर प्रकाश डालते हैं। इसके अलावा, ये नोट्स बहुत आसान भाषा में हैं।
We can say that Britishers made India a colonial (British Rule over India), Semi Feudal (Zamindars), stagnant (2% GDP & 0.5 per capita growth), backward (low productivity & high literacy), depleted (rapid depreciation of physical assets) and an amputated (partition) economy. However, it laid foundation for modern education system, industries, transportation, communication system and administrative set-up.
Indian Economy on the eve of independence Notes Class 12 Free PDF Read More »
